All Collections
Accounting
RapidRent - Get paid faster
ACH Payment Return Codes and What They Mean
ACH Payment Return Codes and What They Mean

Find out what those cryptic ACH return codes are and what to do

Samuel avatar
Written by Samuel
Updated over a week ago

Overview

ACH payment return codes are codes that are used to indicate the status of an Automated Clearing House (ACH) transaction. These codes are used to identify the reason why an ACH transaction was returned, such as insufficient funds or a closed account. ACH payment return codes are typically three digits long, and they are used by banks and other financial institutions to communicate the status of a transaction to the sender.

ACH Return Codes

R01 | R02 | R03 | R04 | R05 | R06 | R07 | R08 | R09 | R10

R11 | R12 | R13 | R14 | R15 | R16 | R20 | R23 | R24 | R28 | R29


R01 - Insufficient Funds

  • (Not enough money in their account to cover the payment) - The available and/or cash reserve balance is not sufficient to cover the dollar value of the debit entry.

  • What to Do: Have them use a different form of payment or wait until they have sufficient funds to pay.


R02 - Account Closed

  • (Bank account is closed and no longer active) - A previously active account has been closed by the action of the customer or the RDFI.

  • What to Do: Confirm if this bank account is still open. If not, contact your customer for a different bank account, or for another form of payment.


R03 - No Account/Unable to Locate Account

  • (Account number is incorrect) - The account number structure is valid and it passes the check digit validation, but the account number does not correspond to the individual identified in the entry, or the account number designated is not an open account.

  • What to Do: Contact your customer and confirm the Routing Number, Bank Account Number and the exact name on the bank account. (You can request a copy of a voided check so that you can verify.) If this information does not exactly match what you initially entered, make changes and submit a NEW payment.


R04 - Invalid Account Number

  • (Account number incorrect) - The account number structure is not valid. The entry may fail the check digit validation or may contain an incorrect number of digits.

  • What to Do: Obtain the correct bank account number. (You can request a copy of a voided check so that you can verify.) Submit a NEW payment using the corrected bank account number.


R05 - Unauthorized Debit Entry

  • Account number structure not valid: entry may fail check digit validation or may contain an incorrect number of digits. (A transaction meant for a business happened on a consumer account and is being returned). You cannot re-submit this transaction.

  • What to Do: Contact your customer and resolve any issues that caused the transaction to be disputed. You can ask the customer for a different form of payment, or ask to debit a different bank account. If you need to debit the same bank account, instruct your customer to call the bank and remove the block on transactions.


R06 - Return per ODFI’s Request

  • The ODFI has requested that the RDFI return the ACH entry. If the RDFI agrees to return the entry, the ODFI must indemnify the RDFI according to Article Five (Return, Adjustment, Correction, and Acknowledgment of Entries and Entry Information) of these Rules.

  • What to Do: Contact the resident or applicant to find out how they'd like to proceed.


R07 - Authorization Revoked by Customer (adjustment entries)

  • Authorization Revoked by Customer – Consumer, who previously authorized ACH payment, has revoked authorization from Originator (must be returned no later than 60 days from settlement date and customer must sign affidavit).

  • What to Do: Immediately suspend any recurring payment schedules entered for this bank account. This will prevent additional transactions from being returned while you address the issue with your customer. Then contact your customer and resolve any issues that caused the transaction to be disputed or the schedule to be canceled. You can ask the customer for a different form of payment, or ask to debit a different bank account. If you need to debit the same bank account, instruct your customer to call the bank and remove the block on transactions.


R08 - Payment Stopped or Stop Payment on Item

  • (Stop payment was initiated or this payment or a previous payment) - The Receiver of a recurring debit transaction has the right to stop payment on any specific ACH debit. The RDFI should verify the Receiver’s intent when a request for stop payment is made to ensure this is not intended to be a revocation of the authorization. (Stop payment was initiated at one point)

  • What to Do: Contact your customer and resolve any issues that caused the transaction to be stopped. The customer will need to contact their bank, have the stop payment lifted, and get a bank letter showing that this has been done. Then they'll need to send the letter to DoorLoop so we can lift the stop on the processor side.


R09 - Uncollected Funds

  • (There are sufficient funds, but payment holds on the account are reducing the available balance, making the funds unavailable to collect) - Sufficient book or ledger balance exists to satisfy the dollar value of the transaction, but the dollar value of transactions in the process of collection (i.e., uncollected checks) brings the available and/or cash reserve balance below the dollar value of the debit entry.

  • What to Do: The customer will need to redo the payment again once the holds are lifted. They may also want to contact their bank in case they were charged a return fee.


R10 - Customer Advises Not Authorized; Item Is Ineligible, Notice Not Provided, Signatures Not Genuine, or Item Altered (adjustment entries)

  • The person who owns the bank account has told their bank that the EFT was unauthorized. The bank account owner has signed a Written Statement of Unauthorized Debit with regard to this transaction. The ODFI warrants each entry is authorized by the Originator and Receiver to the RDFI & ACH Operator. In the event an EFT is unauthorized the transaction may be charged back up to two years after the transaction.

  • What to Do: The Receiver may request immediate credit from the RDFI for an unauthorized debit. The request must be made in writing within fifteen (15) days after the RDFI sends or makes available to the Receiver information pertaining to that debit entry.

    Immediately suspend any recurring payment schedules entered for this bank account. This will prevent additional transactions from being returned while you address the issue with your customer. Then contact your customer and resolve any issues that caused the transaction to be disputed or the schedule to be cancelled.

    You can ask the customer for a different form of payment, or ask to debit a different bank account.

    If you need to debit the same bank account, instruct your customer to call the bank and remove the block on transactions.


R11 - Customer Advises Entry Not in Accordance with the Terms of the Authorization (Check Truncation Entry Return)

  • Used by the RDFI to return an entry for which the Originator and Receiver have a relationship, and an authorization to debit exists, but there is an error or defect in the payment such that the entry does not conform to the terms of the authorization.

    What it means: the EFT was returned and there was no better return code to use.

  • What to Do: You can contact the resident or applicant to find out why they stopped the payment and how they'd like to proceed. The customer will need to contact their bank, have the stop payment lifted, and get a bank letter showing that this has been done. Then they'll need to send the letter to DoorLoop so we can lift the stop on the processor side.


R12 - Branch Sold to Another DFI

  • (Customer's bank was sold to another bank) - A financial institution may continue to receive entries destined for an account at a branch that has been sold to another financial institution. Because the RDFI no longer maintains the account and is unable to post the entry, it should return the entry to the ODFI.

  • What to Do: Obtain new Routing Number and Bank Account Number information, then enter a NEW transaction using the updated account numbers. If the transaction was part of a recurring payment schedule, be sure to update the schedule to use the new bank account.


R13 - RDFI not qualified to participate (Invalid ACH Routing Number)

  • The financial institution is not qualified to participate in ACH or the routing number is incorrect.

  • What to Do: Double-check that you entered the Routing Number correctly, and contact your customer to confirm it if necessary. Then submit a NEW payment using the correct routing number.


R14 - Representative Payee Deceased or Unable to Continue in that Capacity

  • The representative payee is a person or institution authorized to accept entries on behalf of one or more other persons, such as legally incapacitated adults or minor children. The representative payee is either deceased or unable to continue in that capacity. The beneficiary is not deceased.

  • What to Do: Contact the resident or applicant to find out how they'd like to proceed.


R15 - Beneficiary or Account Holder (Other Than a Representative Payee) Deceased

  • (1) The beneficiary is the person entitled to the benefits and is deceased. The beneficiary may or may not be the account holder; or(2) The account holder (acting in a non-representative payee capacity) is an owner of the account and is deceased.

  • What to Do: Contact the resident or applicant to find out how they'd like to proceed.


R16 - Account Frozen

  • The funds in the account are unavailable due to specific actions taken by the RDFI or by legal action.

  • What to Do: Check to make sure the account and routing number are correct. Also, you will not be able to process transactions using this bank account until it is un-frozen. Or, obtain a different form of payment.


R20 - Non-Transaction Account

  • The ACH entry is destined for a non-transaction account. This would include either an account against which transactions are prohibited or limited. (Their bank account is not set up to allow for ACH transfers)

  • What to Do: Contact your customer and ask for another form of payment or to make a payment from a different bank account that has ACH transfers.


R23 - Credit Entry Refused by Receiver

  • The Receiver may return a credit entry because one of the following conditions exists: (1) a minimum amount required by the Receiver has not been remitted; (2) the exact amount required has not been remitted; (3) the account is subject to litigation and the Receiver will not accept the transaction; (4) acceptance of the transaction results in an overpayment; (5) the Originator is not known by the Receiver; or (6) the Receiver has not authorized this credit entry to this account.

  • What to Do: Contact your customer to work out the problem, or ask them to work the problem out with their bank. Have your customer confirm that the refund will be accepted, then attempt to refund the transaction again. Alternatively, you can send your customer a paper check for the refund amount.


R24 - Duplicate Entry (The date, dollar amount, trace number, and other data matches another transaction)

  • The RDFI has received what appears to be a duplicate entry; i.e., the trace number, date, dollar amount and/or other data matches another transaction. This code should be used with extreme care. The RDFI should be aware that if a file has been duplicated, the Originator may have already generated a reversal transaction to handle the situation.


R28 - Routing Number Check Digit Error (Routing Number isn't Valid)

  • The routing number on the EFT is incorrect.

  • What to Do: If there’s an error, correct the entry and reprocess the payment. In the event that there doesn’t appear to be an error, contact your customer to ensure you have their accurate and up-to-date banking information.


R29 - Corporate Customer Advises Not Authorized

  • The RDFI has been notified by the Receiver (non-consumer) that the Originator of a given transaction has not been authorized to debit the Receiver’s account.

  • What to Do: Immediately suspend any recurring payment schedules entered for this bank account. This will prevent additional transactions from being returned while you address the issue with your customer. Then contact your customer and resolve any issues that caused the transaction to be disputed or the schedule to be canceled.

    You can ask the customer for a different form of payment, or ask to debit a different bank account.

    If you need to debit the same bank account, instruct your customer to call the bank and remove the block on transactions. A bank letter will be required to lift the R29 block from their account.

Did this answer your question?